What is Filesystem in Operating System?

 A file system is a structure used to organize and manage files on a storage device by an operating system.

Window use NTFS (New Technology File System) as its default filesystem up to Window 11 so far. It offers advanced features like file permissions, encryption, compression, and journaling[1]. 

A journaling file system is a file system that keeps track of changes not yet committed to the file system's main part by recording the intentions of such changes in a data structure known as a "journal," which is usually a circular log [2].

Figure 1: Figure showing window using file system NTFS.

References

1. https://www.kingston.com/en/blog/personal-storage/understanding-file-systems

2. https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Computer_Science/Operating_Systems/Linux_-_The_Penguin_Marches_On_(McClanahan)/04%3A_Managing_Linux_Storage/4.04_Journaling_File_Systems